Feeding baby rabbits properly is essential for their health and development, especially during the first few weeks of life. Whether you're caring for an orphaned baby rabbit or nurturing a new pet, providing the right food ensures they grow strong, healthy, and happy. Here’s a comprehensive guide on what to feed baby rabbits at different stages of life.

1. Newborn to 3 Weeks Old

At birth, baby rabbits, called kits, are completely dependent on their mother for nourishment. If the mother rabbit is not available (e.g., if the kits are orphaned), you’ll need to hand-feed them.

Feeding Orphaned Baby Rabbits (0-3 Weeks):

• Kitten Milk Replacer: The best option for feeding baby rabbits without a mother is kitten milk replacer. This is specially formulated to mimic rabbit milk and is rich in essential fats and proteins that baby rabbits need for growth. Avoid using cow’s milk, as it can harm their digestive systems.
  • Recommended Brand: Look for KMR (Kitten Milk Replacer), which is designed for kittens but works well for baby rabbits.
  • How to Feed: Use a small syringe or baby bottle designed for small animals. Feed the baby rabbit every 2-3 hours during the day and night, depending on their age. At this stage, babies need small amounts of milk, around 1-2 ml per feeding.
  • Feeding Schedule: Newborn rabbits should be fed every 2-3 hours, and as they grow, you can gradually increase the time between feedings (up to every 4-6 hours).

Important Considerations for Newborns:

• Warmth: Keep the baby rabbit warm, as they can’t regulate their body temperature effectively. A heating pad set on low or a warm water bottle wrapped in a towel will help maintain warmth.
• Stimulation: Young kits need help urinating and defecating. After feeding, gently rub the area around their genitals with a soft, damp cloth or cotton ball to stimulate the elimination process.

2. 3 to 6 Weeks Old

By 3 weeks, baby rabbits can begin to transition to solid foods, although they should still be fed kitten milk replacer for a while.

Solid Food Introduction:

• Hay: Begin offering timothy hay or other high-fiber grass hay (like meadow hay). Hay is essential for their digestion and dental health, and they will gradually start nibbling on it.
• Fresh Greens: Introduce soft, fresh vegetables in small amounts. Start with parsley, cilantro, dandelion greens, and romaine lettuce. Avoid iceberg lettuce, as it has very little nutritional value.
• Pellets: You can start offering rabbit pellets designed for young rabbits. Look for a high-quality brand that contains a proper balance of nutrients and fiber.

How Much to Feed:

• Baby rabbits still need milk replacer, but you can start to offer small portions of hay and greens. Offer the solid food in small amounts and allow the rabbit to explore and taste it.
• Continue feeding kitten milk replacer 3-4 times a day until the kits are fully weaned at 6-8 weeks.

3. 6 to 8 Weeks Old

At 6 weeks, baby rabbits should be mostly eating solid food, although some milk replacer can still be given. By 8 weeks, they should be fully weaned.

What to Feed:

• Hay: Unlimited timothy hay should be available at all times. Hay is crucial for proper digestion and helps wear down their growing teeth.
• Fresh Vegetables: By this age, baby rabbits can eat a variety of fresh vegetables. Add more variety such as carrot tops, parsley, spinach, and mint. Introduce leafy greens gradually and avoid too many sugary vegetables like carrots.
• Pellets: Continue offering young rabbit pellets, ensuring they are appropriate for their age (high fiber, low protein). Avoid pellets with added sugar or seeds, as these can be unhealthy.
• Fresh Water: Always provide fresh, clean water in a bottle or bowl that the rabbit can easily drink from.

4. After 8 Weeks

Once baby rabbits reach 8 weeks of age, they should be fully transitioned to solid food, with no more need for milk replacer. At this point, they should be eating the same foods as adult rabbits, but in smaller amounts to suit their size.

What to Feed:

• Hay: Continue providing unlimited hay (timothy, meadow, or orchard grass hay).
• Fresh Vegetables: Continue offering a variety of leafy greens, such as romaine lettuce, kale, parsley, dandelion greens, and cilantro. Introduce small portions of other vegetables like carrots or broccoli.
• Pellets: You can switch to adult rabbit pellets at around 6 months but make sure they’re high in fiber (18-20% fiber).
• Fresh Water: Provide unlimited fresh water, and check that it’s always clean and accessible.

5. Foods to Avoid for Baby Rabbits

Certain foods can be harmful or difficult for baby rabbits to digest. Avoid these:

• Iceberg Lettuce: Has very little nutritional value and can cause diarrhea.
• High-Sugar Vegetables: Such as carrots and fruits (e.g., apples, bananas) should only be given in moderation. Too much sugar can upset their digestive system.
• Seeds and Nuts: These are not suitable for rabbits and can cause serious health problems.
• Cabbage and Other Cruciferous Vegetables: These can cause bloating and gas in baby rabbits.
• Processed Foods: Avoid offering any processed foods or human food.

Conclusion

Feeding baby rabbits requires careful attention, especially during their first few weeks of life. Start by offering kitten milk replacer if the mother is unavailable, and gradually introduce hay, vegetables, and pellets as they grow. By the time they reach 6-8 weeks, they should be eating a variety of solid foods, including unlimited hay and fresh vegetables, alongside pellets designed for young rabbits. Always ensure they have access to fresh water and keep their environment clean and safe.

If you’re ever unsure about the care of a baby rabbit, it’s best to consult a veterinarian experienced in rabbit care for additional guidance.